Status: Widespread but local in southern England, scarce in Wales, a few old records in NW England, Scotland (unconfirmed) and Ireland.
Habitat: Various
Host plant: Various Brassicaceae and Poaceae (grasses), also beet (Beta vulgaris)
Overwintering: As adults in moss, leaf litter and rotten wood (and may remain active on the surface)
Food: Adults on leaves, larvae on roots
Other notes: Adults parasitised by braconid wasps Perilitus terminalis and P. bicolor, and the nematode Howardula phyllotretae.

Status: Fairly common in central and southern England, a few records further north and in Wales and Ireland, no records from Scotland.
Habitat: Various - usually (but not always e.g. dunes) near water.
Host plant: Willows (especially crack-willow Salix fragilis) and poplars, possibly birches.
Overwintering: As adults
Food: Adults on leaves (and possibly pollen). Larvae also on leaves, usually in groups on the undersides - may turn leaves brown and if numerous can skeletonise foliage.
Other notes: Various parasites (Hymenoptera & Diptera). Predated by the pentatomid shieldbug Zicrona caerulea, several ladybird species and the larva of a hoverfly (Parasyrphus sp.)

Status: Widespread but local in England and Wales (absent from the east Midlands), recent records from southern Scotland (older/other Scottish records may have been confused with P. flexuosa); possible old records from Ireland.
Habitat: Various, mainly (but not only) wet habitats.
Host plant: Water-cresses (Rorippa spp.), bitter-cresses (Cardamine spp.), garden radish (Raphanus sativus) and sometimes mignonettes (Reseda spp.)
Overwintering: As adults under bark
Food: Adults on leaves, larvae are leaf-miners

Status: Scattered and very local in England and Wales, old records from Ireland, not recorded from Scotland. Scarce (Notable A)
Habitat: Various
Host plant: Various wild and cultivated Brassicaceae
Overwintering: As adults
Food: Adults on leaves (in large numbers can cause crop damage with 'scorching' appearance of leaves), larvae on roots and subterranean stems
Other notes: Adults parasitised by braconid wasps Perilitus vittatae, P. epitricis, P. punctulatae and P. psylliodis, and the nematode Howardula phyllotretae.

Status: Common and widespread
Habitat: Various
Host plant: Various wild and cultivated Brassicaceae, sometimes also wild mignonette (Reseda luteola), sea beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima) and nasturtium (Tropaeolium majus); occasionally on trees.
Overwintering: As adults in haystacks and associated refuse, grass tussocks, under bark, in moss and in rotting logs.
Food: Adults on leaves and possibly pollen, larvae in roots
Other notes: Adults parasitised by braconid wasps Perilitus areolatus & P. bicolor, the microspridian Nosema phyllotretae and the nematode Howardula phyllotretae,